Reporting walkthroughs · Local 0.2.1 candidate

Read a month-end close with traceable adjustments

A monthly result includes the costs belonging to that month, including costs paid earlier or settled later.

PHP Ledger guidance: use this page with the matching release notes and evaluate the workflow using synthetic records.

This is an original synthetic Cedar Studio example prepared for the local 0.2.1 candidate. The public release remains 0.1.5-preview. Manual support schedules explain these sample accounting entries. They are separate from the new starter AR/AP, optional Inventory and manual tax workflows and do not implement payroll.

1. Select December on its own

From Cedar Studio's sample guide, open December profit and loss. The inclusive dates are 1–31 December 2025. Income is 3,000.00, expenses are 2,990.00, and net profit is 10.00 USD.

Cedar Studio December 2025 profit and loss: income 3,000, expenses 2,990 and profit 10, with the seven expense categories shown. — Actual synthetic report from the local candidate. The expense lines reconcile to the sources described below.

2. Check the recurring support

Salaries: 1,500.00. The fictional staff schedule has Mira Vale at 600.00 and Noel Reed at 900.00. No payroll deductions or tax are calculated.
Rent: 400.00; utilities: 100.00. Rent uses the reserve bank. Utilities use 90.00 from the primary bank and 10.00 from petty cash.
Insurance: 100.00. January's 1,200.00 prepayment is released over twelve months. December's expense reduces the remaining prepayment to zero.
Depreciation: 40.00. The illustrative equipment schedule uses a 2,400.00 cost, zero residual and a 60-month life starting February 2024. Accumulated depreciation is 920.00 at December 2025.

Open December's support journal in the guide to inspect these entries. Its durable reference is service-agency/operations-2025-12.

3. Separate settlement from expense

The December loan payment contains 1,200.00 principal and an illustrative 300.00 interest component. Only the interest enters this P&L. The principal reduces the loan liability.

A fictional Harbor maintenance bill adds 550.00 to December expenses and accounts payable. It is paid on 10 January 2026. Use the payable statement from December through January to follow the outstanding amount to settlement. January's payment reduces the bank and payable; it does not record the expense a second time.

4. Understand what “closed” means

The sample's historical periods are closed after its monthly checkpoints reconcile. The server refuses new postings into those periods. Visitors practise in the open 2026 year.

Period closure does not certify financial statements, implement regional reporting rules or transfer earnings to retained earnings. The Balance Sheet presents accumulated unclosed earnings once alongside recorded equity. Independent accounting review remains a separate preview gate.

Next: compare quarters and years. For the source-reading basics, see the daily bank check.